Paulsson, F., & Naeve, A. (2006). Virtual Workspace Environment (VWE): A taxonomy and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) framework for modularized Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) - Applying the Learning Object Concept to the VLE. to be published in the International Journal on E-Learning (IJEL), 5(1), 45-57.

Abstract
Based on existing Learning Object taxonomies, this paper suggests an alternative Learning Object taxonomy, combined with a general Service Oriented Architecture framework, aiming to transfer the modularized concept of Learning Objects to modularized Virtual Learning Environments.  The taxonomy and SOA-framework exposes a need for a clearer definition of the aggregation and granularity of Learning Objects together with a clearer separation of data, presentation and application logics. The Virtual Workspace Environment demonstrator shows that there is a necessity to unite fundamentals from computer science and pedagogical theories to achieve this.